CHRM3 cholinergic receptor muscarinic 3
ENSG00000133019 · protein coding · Open Targets profile
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover. .
Each band is a group of drugs. It runs from the kind of drug on the left to the furthest stage that drug has reached in any disease on the right. Thicker bands mean more drugs.
Approved bands are highlighted. Withdrawn means the drug was pulled from the market or from development. A combined phase counts as the later one (Phase 1/2 is shown as Phase 2). Hover a band for the drug names. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Each row is a cancer, strongest overall evidence first. The two dots show how strong the inherited (germline) and tumour-mutation (somatic) evidence is; the line between them is the gap.
Scores run from 0 (no evidence) to 1 (strongest). A missing dot at 0 means Open Targets holds no evidence of that kind. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Tractability
- Small molecule
- Approved Drug, Structure with Ligand, High-Quality Ligand, Druggable Family
- Antibody
- UniProt loc high conf, GO CC high conf, UniProt loc med conf, UniProt SigP or TMHMM, Human Protein Atlas loc
- PROTAC
- Half-life Data, Small Molecule Binder
gnomAD loss of function constraint: o/e 0.2629599869251251 (upper bound 0.43525999784469604). Low values mean loss of function is poorly tolerated, a safety flag for inhibition.
Who runs trials of these drugs
Principal investigators and study chairs on 134 registry trials, updated in the last three years, of the most advanced drugs against CHRM3 (glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholine), ranked by Phase 2+ trials. Live from ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Patricia WalkerBotanix Pharmaceuticals · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Thierry PEREZUniversity Hospital, Lille · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- UCB Cares001 844 599 2273 · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Xianhui WangSan Diego State University · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Susan E BatesColumbia University · 1 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Audis BetheaCharleston Area Medical Center Health System · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Bernard Le FollThe Centre for Addiction and Mental Health · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Catherine MatthewsWake Forest University Health Sciences · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Chen Wang AcademicianChina-Japan Friendship Hospital · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Ching-Kuan LiuKaohsiung Medical University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Christian VirchowFacharzt für Innere Medizin Rostock, Germany · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Dhyanesh PatelVanderbilt University Medical Center · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Georgio Walter CanonicaUniversity of Medicine, Genoa, Italy · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Guangyou DuanThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- He HuangThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
Registry trials of glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholine updated in the last three years, counted by the country group of their listed sites. A trial with sites in several groups counts in each; 98 of 125 have all sites in one country.
Site counts are not patients per country, and trials registered only outside ClinicalTrials.gov are not covered. Where sites are is a fact about the record, not a judgement of its quality. Europe is the EU and EEA, the UK and Switzerland. 9 trials list no sites and are left out. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, fetched live.
46 trials of drugs against CHRM3 were stopped early; 5 give no reason
Terminated, withdrawn and suspended interventional trials of glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholine, newest update first, live from ClinicalTrials.gov. Each reason is quoted exactly as the registry gives it; we do not sort reasons into safety, efficacy or business. Dates are the last registry update. Showing the 25 most recent of 46.
- suspended · 2026-10-02 · Medical University of Bialystok · Glycopyrronium“Recruitment was temporarily suspended pending additional funding and activation of additional study centers. The pilot phase has been completed and is currently being evaluated. The suspension was not related to safety concerns.”
- terminated · 2026-09-14 · Immunovant Sciences GmbH · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Sponsor Decision”
- suspended · 2026-09-03 · Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“The sponsor has decided to suspend study progress. Further implementation of the study is pending notification.”
- terminated · 2026-08-18 · CAMC Health System · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“PI left site without transferring study to another PI. Study expired and was not renewed.”
- terminated · 2026-05-13 · University Hospital, Linkoeping · Acetylcholine“The study was terminated prematurely due to insufficient operational resources to continue trial conduct and completion. The decision was unrelated to safety concerns or study outcomes.”
- withdrawn · 2026-04-08 · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Lack of financing”
- terminated · 2026-02-27 · Penn State University · Acetylcholine“Futility in recruitment”
- terminated · 2026-02-20 · University Hospital, Lille · Formoterol-glycopyrronium co suspension (PT003)“Following Brexit and the unavailability of the experimental drug (PT003) in France, the study was terminated prematurely.”
- terminated · 2025-12-22 · Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd. · Placebo to match Indacaterol Maleate and Glycopyrronium Bromide Powder for inhalation, Indacaterol Maleate and Glycopyrronium Bromide Powder for inhalation“Sponsor's R\&D strategy adjusted.”
- withdrawn · 2025-08-22 · Johns Hopkins University · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Study is being conducted externally.”
- withdrawn · 2025-08-15 · AstraZeneca · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Study no longer required.”
- terminated · 2025-04-08 · Colorado State University · Acetylcholine“IRB approval has been withdrawn”
- withdrawn · 2024-12-24 · Dr. August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel · Qbrexza® (glycopyrronium) cloth, 2.4%, for topical use“The study was not pursued for internal reasons”
- terminated · 2024-11-15 · Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“The study was prematurely stopped due to extensive challenges in patient recruitment. The Sponsor issued a notification of early study termination to all investigational sites and all external stakeholders.”
- terminated · 2024-05-07 · Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Lack of measure appropriate data (MG-ADL).”
- terminated · 2024-03-27 · GlaxoSmithKline · Acetylcholine“The study is terminated due to feasibility in recruitment.”
- withdrawn · 2024-02-16 · Yale University · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Recruitment halted by pandemic”
- terminated · 2023-04-18 · Skin Laser & Surgery Specialists · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“sponsor asked site to suspend study.”
- terminated · 2022-12-28 · Università degli Studi di Ferrara · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Contract terminated between AIFA and the Sponsor (University of Ferrara)”
- terminated · 2022-05-06 · Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. · Beclometasone dipropionate Formoterol Fumarate Glycopyrronium Bromide“In light of the cessation of non-essential clinical activities at CPU due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the sponsor has determined to terminate the study early.”
- terminated · 2022-04-29 · Vanderbilt University Medical Center · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Recruitment challenges due to Covid19.”
- terminated · 2022-02-18 · Johns Hopkins University · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“We terminated the study due to lack of funding”
- withdrawn · 2022-02-03 · Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. · Beclometasone Dipropionate / Formoterol Fumarate / Glycopyrronium 100/6/10 mcg“Continuing delays due to COVID-19 pandemic”
- withdrawn · 2021-12-14 · Dr. Grace Parraga · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“issues related to Covid-19 restrictions/shutdowns”
- withdrawn · 2021-09-05 · Duke University · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“COVID prevented study initiation”
Paediatric incentives and obligations for CHRM3's drugs
For glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholine: what EMA and FDA publish about paediatric plans, orphan status and pediatric approvals, and how many registered studies take children. Each line is a yes, no or not published fact from the record linked under it; none of it is a forecast.
- FDA pediatric target list: no · CHRM3 is not on the listRule: Target is on FDA's Pediatric Molecular Target List (relevant targets). Source: FDA Pediatric Molecular Target List (Listed as February 2026 on the FDA Pediatric Oncology page; the file served is 9.7.22_the_relevant_molecular_target_list.xlsx, whose Summary of Changes sheet is headed 'SEPTEMBER 2022 UPDATE' (footnote date 2022-09-01)), 2026-11-11
- EU paediatric investigation plan: yes · EMEA-003561-PIP01-23 (carbachol;brimonidine tartrate, Treatment of presbyopia): W: decision granting a waiver in all age groups for all conditions or indications, 6 May 2024Rule: An EMA PIP decision (agreement, modification or waiver) lists the drug as its active substance, exact name. Source: EMA EMEA-003561-PIP01-23, 2026-11-11
- EU orphan designation: no · No EU orphan designation names glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholineRule: An EU orphan designation lists the drug as its active substance (exact name) or belongs to a medicine that does; withdrawn and expired designations are listed with their status. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- Authorised in the EU: yes · Riltrava Aerosphere: authorised since 6 Jan 2022; Trydonis: authorised since 26 Apr 2018; Zimbus Breezhaler: authorised since 3 Jul 2020; Riarify (previously CHF 5993 Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A.): withdrawn since 23 Apr 2018; +1 moreRule: An EMA medicine record lists the drug as its active substance or INN, exact name; national-only authorisations are not in this file. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- FDA orphan designation: not published · FDA's orphan designation database turns away automated requests, so this app does not read it; search it by hand at the linkRule: Would be: an FDA orphan designation names the drug. Source: FDA orphan designations search
- FDA pediatric oncology approval: no · FDA's table lists no pediatric approval of glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholineRule: FDA's Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals table names the drug. Source: FDA Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals (content current as of 2026-03-03), 2026-11-12
- Registered studies open to children: yes · 47 interventional studies of glycopyrronium, isopropamide iodide, bethanechol chloride, carbachol, propantheline, hexocyclium, propantheline bromide, cevimeline, anisotropine methylbromide, sofpironium bromide, oxyphencyclimine, acetylcholine include patients under 18; 7 are recruiting, not yet recruiting or activeRule: The registry's age group includes Child (birth to 17 years), which also counts studies that set no minimum age. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov search, 2026-11-12
Rare pediatric disease voucher. FDA, content current as of 29 Apr 2026: “As of February 3, 2026, enactment of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, the rare pediatric disease PRV program will sunset after September 30, 2029. FDA may not award any PRVs under this program after September 30, 2029.” Voucher sale prices are not shown here; they appear only as company-reported news. FDA: Rare Pediatric Disease Designation and Priority Review Voucher Programs
All 72 drugs and clinical candidates as a table
Each drug, stage and indication links to its Open Targets record, where the trials and approvals behind it are listed. Salt forms (for example a mesylate) are listed as Open Targets records them, as separate entries.