FDPS farnesyl diphosphate synthase
ENSG00000160752 · protein coding · Open Targets profile
Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate.
Each band is a group of drugs. It runs from the kind of drug on the left to the furthest stage that drug has reached in any disease on the right. Thicker bands mean more drugs.
Approved bands are highlighted. Withdrawn means the drug was pulled from the market or from development. A combined phase counts as the later one (Phase 1/2 is shown as Phase 2). Hover a band for the drug names. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Each row is a cancer, strongest overall evidence first. The two dots show how strong the inherited (germline) and tumour-mutation (somatic) evidence is; the line between them is the gap.
Scores run from 0 (no evidence) to 1 (strongest). A missing dot at 0 means Open Targets holds no evidence of that kind. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Tractability
- Small molecule
- Approved Drug, Structure with Ligand, High-Quality Ligand, High-Quality Pocket, Druggable Family
- PROTAC
- Database Ubiquitination, Half-life Data, Small Molecule Binder
gnomAD loss of function constraint: o/e 0.585640013217926 (upper bound 0.7985000014305115). Low values mean loss of function is poorly tolerated, a safety flag for inhibition.
Who runs trials of these drugs
Principal investigators and study chairs on 127 registry trials, updated in the last three years, of the most advanced drugs against FDPS (pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acid), ranked by Phase 2+ trials. Live from ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Bente LangdahlDepartment of Endocrinology and Internal medicin, Aarhus University Hospital · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Kristen BeaversWake Forest University Health Sciences · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Thomas J SchnitzerNorthwestern University · 2 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Alfredo BerrutiAsst Degli Spedali Civili Di Brescia · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Antonis GoulasSchool of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Anuj MahindraScripps Health · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Athanasios D Anastasilakis424 General Military Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Cathleen RaggioHospital for Special Surgery, New York · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Chi LinUniversity of Nebraska · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Chia-Che LeeDepartment of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Cynthia X MaWashington University School of Medicine · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Dennis McDaidXeolas Pharmaceuticals Ltd · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Dimitrios G GoulisSchool of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Dominique CostagliolaInserm U720 · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Elizabeth ShaneColumbia University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
Registry trials of pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acid updated in the last three years, counted by the country group of their listed sites. A trial with sites in several groups counts in each; 105 of 111 have all sites in one country.
Site counts are not patients per country, and trials registered only outside ClinicalTrials.gov are not covered. Where sites are is a fact about the record, not a judgement of its quality. Europe is the EU and EEA, the UK and Switzerland. 16 trials list no sites and are left out. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, fetched live.
90 trials of drugs against FDPS were stopped early; 27 give no reason
Terminated, withdrawn and suspended interventional trials of pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acid, newest update first, live from ClinicalTrials.gov. Each reason is quoted exactly as the registry gives it; we do not sort reasons into safety, efficacy or business. Dates are the last registry update. Showing the 25 most recent of 90.
- terminated · 2026-11-05 · City of Hope Medical Center · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Study closed after it became too difficult to interest patients in participating.”
- terminated · 2026-06-30 · Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“DSMB recommendation due to slow accrual”
- withdrawn · 2026-06-05 · University Hospital, Rouen · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Non-functional BMA machine.”
- withdrawn · 2026-06-04 · University of Pittsburgh · Alendronate (Fosamax), Placebo Alendronate“Investigator left the institution”
- terminated · 2025-12-02 · University of Calgary · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Recruitment stopped due to funding shortage. The scope of the original study increased beyond what had been budgeted in the grant that funded it, and follow-up funding attempts were not successful.”
- terminated · 2024-03-04 · National Cancer Institute (NCI) · alendronate sodiumNo reason given
- terminated · 2023-10-12 · Massachusetts General Hospital · Alendronate, Placebo AlendronateNo reason given
- withdrawn · 2022-07-19 · University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center · Risedronate“Never started”
- terminated · 2022-05-27 · University of Leeds · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Lower than expected recruitment”
- terminated · 2022-05-26 · University College Dublin · Alendronate“Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the study was terminated prematurely”
- terminated · 2022-02-23 · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“The study has been conducted until the end of the research; participants are no longer receiving an intervention or being examined; but recruitment isn't completed (15 % enrolled in the stud)”
- terminated · 2021-11-08 · Institut Bergonié · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- terminated · 2021-10-22 · Centre Leon Berard · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“lack of recruitment”
- terminated · 2021-06-25 · University of Aarhus · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Eli Lilly has withdrawn support to the study of teriparatide and placebo pens. The study was not able to continue as a randomized study without the supply of placebo pens.”
- terminated · 2021-06-22 · First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- terminated · 2020-12-08 · Northwestern University · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Closed by the research committee”
- terminated · 2020-10-22 · University of Wisconsin, Madison · AlendronateNo reason given
- terminated · 2020-08-21 · Johns Hopkins University · Alendronate“Inability to analyze collected samples due to no funds.”
- terminated · 2020-03-18 · Stanford University · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- terminated · 2019-12-12 · Hamad Medical Corporation · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“failed to recruit eligible subjects”
- terminated · 2019-11-25 · University of Wisconsin, Madison · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“slow accrual”
- terminated · 2019-11-18 · University of Louisville · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Principal Investigator left institution-study not continued”
- withdrawn · 2019-09-16 · Novartis Pharmaceuticals · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Study halted prematurely, prior to enrollment of first participant, for strategic reasons”
- terminated · 2019-09-13 · Oslo University Hospital · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“difficult to include patients”
- terminated · 2019-04-16 · Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Low recruitment”
Paediatric incentives and obligations for FDPS's drugs
For pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acid: what EMA and FDA publish about paediatric plans, orphan status and pediatric approvals, and how many registered studies take children. Each line is a yes, no or not published fact from the record linked under it; none of it is a forecast.
- FDA pediatric target list: no · FDPS is not on the listRule: Target is on FDA's Pediatric Molecular Target List (relevant targets). Source: FDA Pediatric Molecular Target List (Listed as February 2026 on the FDA Pediatric Oncology page; the file served is 9.7.22_the_relevant_molecular_target_list.xlsx, whose Summary of Changes sheet is headed 'SEPTEMBER 2022 UPDATE' (footnote date 2022-09-01)), 2026-11-11
- EU paediatric investigation plan: yes · EMA/PE/0000241614 (calcium carbonate;cholecalciferol;risedronate sodium, Treatment of osteoporosis): W: decision granting a waiver in all age groups for all conditions or indications, 15 May 2025; EMEA-001421-PIP01-12 (risedronate sodium;colecalciferol, Treatment of osteoporosis): W: decision granting a waiver in all age groups for all conditions or indications, 5 Sept 2013; EMEA-001327-PIP01-12 (alendronic acid;colecalciferol, Treatment of osteoporosis): W: decision granting a waiver in all age groups for all conditions or indications, 26 Mar 2013Rule: An EMA PIP decision (agreement, modification or waiver) lists the drug as its active substance, exact name. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- EU orphan designation: no · No EU orphan designation names pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acidRule: An EU orphan designation lists the drug as its active substance (exact name) or belongs to a medicine that does; withdrawn and expired designations are listed with their status. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- Authorised in the EU: yes · Vantavo (previously Alendronate sodium and colecalciferol, MSD): authorised since 16 Oct 2009; Adrovance: authorised since 4 Jan 2007; Fosavance: authorised since 24 Aug 2005Rule: An EMA medicine record lists the drug as its active substance or INN, exact name; national-only authorisations are not in this file. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- FDA orphan designation: not published · FDA's orphan designation database turns away automated requests, so this app does not read it; search it by hand at the linkRule: Would be: an FDA orphan designation names the drug. Source: FDA orphan designations search
- FDA pediatric oncology approval: no · FDA's table lists no pediatric approval of pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acidRule: FDA's Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals table names the drug. Source: FDA Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals (content current as of 2026-03-03), 2026-11-12
- Registered studies open to children: yes · 102 interventional studies of pamidronate, ibandronate, minodronic acid, risedronic acid, risedronate, pamidronic acid, zoledronic acid anhydrous, alendronate, alendronic acid include patients under 18; 13 are recruiting, not yet recruiting or activeRule: The registry's age group includes Child (birth to 17 years), which also counts studies that set no minimum age. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov search, 2026-11-12
Rare pediatric disease voucher. FDA, content current as of 29 Apr 2026: “As of February 3, 2026, enactment of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, the rare pediatric disease PRV program will sunset after September 30, 2029. FDA may not award any PRVs under this program after September 30, 2029.” Voucher sale prices are not shown here; they appear only as company-reported news. FDA: Rare Pediatric Disease Designation and Priority Review Voucher Programs
All 11 drugs and clinical candidates as a table
Each drug, stage and indication links to its Open Targets record, where the trials and approvals behind it are listed. Salt forms (for example a mesylate) are listed as Open Targets records them, as separate entries.