FSHR follicle stimulating hormone receptor
ENSG00000170820 · protein coding · Open Targets profile
G protein-coupled receptor for follitropin, the follicle- stimulating hormone (PubMed:11847099, PubMed:24058690, PubMed:24692546). Mediates FSH signaling through cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathways to regulate ovarian follicular development and steroidogenesis (PubMed:24058690). Has diverse extragonadal functions: signals via a GNAI2-coupled FSHR on osteoclasts and their precursors, resulting in activation of MEK/ERK, NF-kappa-B, and AKT pathways and thus increases osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption (By similarity). Regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells in a bell curve manner, with moderate FSH levels promoting insulin secretion via Galphas/cAMP/PKA pathways while high FSH levels inhibit this effect through Galphai coupling (By similarity). In adipose tissue, inhibits thermogenesis by suppressing UCP1 expression and promotes lipogenesis via CREB/PPARgamma pathways (By similarity). Also affects hepatic cholesterol metabolism by increasing serum total and low-density- lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by inhibiting the expression of LDL receptor (LDLR) (PubMed:26583582). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P35378, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11847099, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24058690, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24692546, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26583582}.
Each band is a group of drugs. It runs from the kind of drug on the left to the furthest stage that drug has reached in any disease on the right. Thicker bands mean more drugs.
Approved bands are highlighted. Withdrawn means the drug was pulled from the market or from development. A combined phase counts as the later one (Phase 1/2 is shown as Phase 2). Hover a band for the drug names. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Each row is a cancer, strongest overall evidence first. The two dots show how strong the inherited (germline) and tumour-mutation (somatic) evidence is; the line between them is the gap.
Scores run from 0 (no evidence) to 1 (strongest). A missing dot at 0 means Open Targets holds no evidence of that kind. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.
Tractability
- Small molecule
- Structure with Ligand, High-Quality Ligand, Druggable Family
- Antibody
- UniProt loc high conf, GO CC high conf, UniProt SigP or TMHMM
- PROTAC
- Small Molecule Binder
- Other modalities
- Approved Drug
gnomAD loss of function constraint: o/e 0.8822199702262878 (upper bound 1.128000020980835). Low values mean loss of function is poorly tolerated, a safety flag for inhibition.
Who runs trials of these drugs
Principal investigators and study chairs on 108 registry trials, updated in the last three years, of the most advanced drugs against FSHR (follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfa), ranked by Phase 2+ trials. Live from ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Nikolaos P PolyzosDexeus Fertility · 3 of 4 trials Phase 2+
- Christophe BlockeelUZ Brussels · 1 of 2 trials Phase 2+
- Abdelmaguid RamzyCairo University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Bradley S HurstWake Forest University Health Sciences · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Cesar Lizan TudelaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Dominic StoopUniversity Hospital, Ghent · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Eman OmranCairo University · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Enrico PapaleoIRCCS San Raffaele · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Haiming XiaThe Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Juan Carlos Castillo FarfanInstituto Bernabeu · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- M. D MichaelsonNRG Oncology · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Mamdouh Sheebakasr alainy, Cairo university · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Mehnaz K ProfessorNishtar Medical University and Hospital Multan · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Mehri MashayekhiDepartment of Endocrinology and Female Infertility · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
- Michaël GRYNBERGAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · 1 of 1 trials Phase 2+
Registry trials of follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfa updated in the last three years, counted by the country group of their listed sites. A trial with sites in several groups counts in each; 81 of 91 have all sites in one country.
Site counts are not patients per country, and trials registered only outside ClinicalTrials.gov are not covered. Where sites are is a fact about the record, not a judgement of its quality. Europe is the EU and EEA, the UK and Switzerland. 17 trials list no sites and are left out. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, fetched live.
49 trials of drugs against FSHR were stopped early; 11 give no reason
Terminated, withdrawn and suspended interventional trials of follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfa, newest update first, live from ClinicalTrials.gov. Each reason is quoted exactly as the registry gives it; we do not sort reasons into safety, efficacy or business. Dates are the last registry update. Showing the 25 most recent of 49.
- withdrawn · 2026-10-29 · American Hospital 2 Kosovo · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Ethics approval was not obtained. The study was withdrawn before any participants were enrolled.”
- withdrawn · 2026-10-29 · Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“study funds not available”
- terminated · 2026-10-13 · Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Slow recruitment”
- terminated · 2026-08-28 · Ferring Pharmaceuticals · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“The probability of enrolling subjects in the trial in a reasonable timeframe was too low. The termination was not due to safety concerns nor changes in Ferring's Reproductive Medicine strategy or interest in developing treatments for Male Infertility”
- terminated · 2026-03-30 · Ferring Pharmaceuticals · Follitropin delta“This is a company decision made not related to safety concerns. Rather, it reflects a broader portfolio assessment and the desire to focus on programs that can bring timely and meaningful benefit to patients.”
- terminated · 2026-03-30 · Ferring Pharmaceuticals · Follitropin delta“This is a company decision made not related to safety concerns. Rather, it reflects a broader portfolio assessment and the desire to focus on programs that can bring timely and meaningful benefit to patients.”
- terminated · 2025-01-28 · CRG UZ Brussel · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“safety”
- terminated · 2024-06-17 · Organon and Co · corifollitropin alfaNo reason given
- terminated · 2024-05-22 · Fundacion Dexeus · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Having reached the sample size described for the interim analysis and having seen the post-interim results, the sponsor has decided to stop the trial due to futility.”
- withdrawn · 2024-02-28 · CRG UZ Brussel · Follitropin alfa“withdrawn due to practical reasons”
- withdrawn · 2024-01-26 · Clínica EUGIN · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Seeking financial support.”
- terminated · 2023-08-24 · Institut Curie · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- withdrawn · 2023-07-20 · AGUNCO Obstetrics and Gynecology Centre · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- withdrawn · 2022-11-30 · Assiut University · Menotropins“no women were recruited”
- terminated · 2022-08-11 · IVI Madrid · Corifollitropin alfaNo reason given
- terminated · 2022-06-23 · University of British Columbia · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“This study is terminated due to an inability to recruit a sufficient number of participants.”
- withdrawn · 2022-02-03 · Organon and Co · matched by the registry's drug synonymsNo reason given
- terminated · 2020-08-14 · Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Insufficient recruited participants due to a lack of collaborating study centers”
- terminated · 2020-01-10 · Andros Day Surgery Clinic · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“27 couples were recruited. This unexpected poor recruitment was due to more clinical pregnancies (for a better patients' selection) and more freeze-all cycles.”
- terminated · 2019-08-19 · Instituto Bernabeu · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Difficult recruitment”
- terminated · 2019-03-08 · Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“small number of patients got recruited”
- terminated · 2019-01-29 · UMC Utrecht · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Inclusion of the study didn't go as fast as expected. Expect: 234 patients in 1 year in 2 centers. After 1,5 year only 147 patients were recruited.”
- terminated · 2018-09-14 · St. Olavs Hospital · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“principal investigator left for another job, project leader retired”
- withdrawn · 2018-09-05 · Fundacion Dexeus · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Lack of financial support”
- terminated · 2018-08-07 · University Reproductive Associates · matched by the registry's drug synonyms“Drug no longer available by manufacturer”
Paediatric incentives and obligations for FSHR's drugs
For follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfa: what EMA and FDA publish about paediatric plans, orphan status and pediatric approvals, and how many registered studies take children. Each line is a yes, no or not published fact from the record linked under it; none of it is a forecast.
- FDA pediatric target list: no · FSHR is not on the listRule: Target is on FDA's Pediatric Molecular Target List (relevant targets). Source: FDA Pediatric Molecular Target List (Listed as February 2026 on the FDA Pediatric Oncology page; the file served is 9.7.22_the_relevant_molecular_target_list.xlsx, whose Summary of Changes sheet is headed 'SEPTEMBER 2022 UPDATE' (footnote date 2022-09-01)), 2026-11-11
- EU paediatric investigation plan: yes · EMEA-000306-PIP01-08-M04 (corifollitropin alfa, Treatment of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism): PM: decision on the application for modification of an agreed PIP, 17 Apr 2019; compliance positive 29 Jan 2021; EMEA-001655-PIP01-14 (urofollitropin, Treatment of female infertility;Treatment of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism): W: decision granting a waiver in all age groups for all conditions or indications, 19 Dec 2014Rule: An EMA PIP decision (agreement, modification or waiver) lists the drug as its active substance, exact name. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- EU orphan designation: no · No EU orphan designation names follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfaRule: An EU orphan designation lists the drug as its active substance (exact name) or belongs to a medicine that does; withdrawn and expired designations are listed with their status. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- Authorised in the EU: yes · GONAL-f: authorised since 20 Oct 1995; Bemfola: authorised since 26 Mar 2014; Rekovelle: authorised since 12 Dec 2016; Elonva: authorised since 25 Jan 2010; +2 moreRule: An EMA medicine record lists the drug as its active substance or INN, exact name; national-only authorisations are not in this file. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
- FDA orphan designation: not published · FDA's orphan designation database turns away automated requests, so this app does not read it; search it by hand at the linkRule: Would be: an FDA orphan designation names the drug. Source: FDA orphan designations search
- FDA pediatric oncology approval: no · FDA's table lists no pediatric approval of follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfaRule: FDA's Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals table names the drug. Source: FDA Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals (content current as of 2026-03-03), 2026-11-12
- Registered studies open to children: yes · 17 interventional studies of follitropin delta, urofollitropin, menotropins, follitropin alfa, follitropin, corifollitropin alfa include patients under 18; 3 are recruiting, not yet recruiting or activeRule: The registry's age group includes Child (birth to 17 years), which also counts studies that set no minimum age. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov search, 2026-11-12
Rare pediatric disease voucher. FDA, content current as of 29 Apr 2026: “As of February 3, 2026, enactment of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, the rare pediatric disease PRV program will sunset after September 30, 2029. FDA may not award any PRVs under this program after September 30, 2029.” Voucher sale prices are not shown here; they appear only as company-reported news. FDA: Rare Pediatric Disease Designation and Priority Review Voucher Programs
All 7 drugs and clinical candidates as a table
Each drug, stage and indication links to its Open Targets record, where the trials and approvals behind it are listed. Salt forms (for example a mesylate) are listed as Open Targets records them, as separate entries.