OncoSignal
Live from Open Targets Platform, fetched 2026-11-12 06:16 UTC. Every row links to its source record.

SLC22A12 solute carrier family 22 member 12

ENSG00000197891 · protein coding · Open Targets profile

Electroneutral antiporter that translocates urate across the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells in exchange for monovalent organic or inorganic anions (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875, PubMed:35144162, PubMed:35462902). Involved in renal reabsorption of urate and helps maintaining blood levels of uric acid (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875). Mediates urate uptake by an exchange with organic anions such as (S)-lactate and nicotinate, and inorganic anion Cl(-) (PubMed:12024214). Other inorganic anions such as Br(-), I(-) and NO3(-) may also act as counteranions that exchange for urate (PubMed:12024214). Also mediates orotate tubular uptake coupled with nicotinate efflux and to a lesser extent with lactate efflux, therefore displaying a potential role in orotate renal reabsorption (PubMed:21350910). Orotate transport is Cl(-)-dependent (PubMed:21350910). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12024214, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21350910, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22194875, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35144162, ECO:0000269|PubMed:35462902}.

2 of the 8 drugs recorded against SLC22A12 are approved, and 3 more reached Phase 3

Each band is a group of drugs. It runs from the kind of drug on the left to the furthest stage that drug has reached in any disease on the right. Thicker bands mean more drugs.

2 small molecule drugs at Approved: DOTINURAD, SULFINPYRAZONE3 small molecule drugs at Phase 3: SHR-4640, PRATOSARTAN, ARHALOFENATE1 small molecule drug at Phase 2: VERINURAD2 small molecule drugs at Withdrawn: BENZBROMARONE, LESINURADSmall molecule 8Approved 2Phase 3 3Phase 2 1Withdrawn 2

Approved bands are highlighted. Withdrawn means the drug was pulled from the market or from development. A combined phase counts as the later one (Phase 1/2 is shown as Phase 2). Hover a band for the drug names. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.

SLC22A12: inherited and tumour-mutation evidence across 7 cancers

Each row is a cancer, strongest overall evidence first. The two dots show how strong the inherited (germline) and tumour-mutation (somatic) evidence is; the line between them is the gap.

Inherited (germline) variantsMutations in tumours (somatic)
00.250.50.751nonpapillary renal cell carcinomanonpapillary renal cell carcinomapancreatic neoplasmpancreatic neoplasmfamilial pancreatic carcinomafamilial pancreatic carcinomagastric cancergastric cancerclear cell renal carcinomaclear cell renal carcinomawell-differentiated liposarcomawell-differentiated liposarcomatyrosinemia type Ityrosinemia type I

Scores run from 0 (no evidence) to 1 (strongest). A missing dot at 0 means Open Targets holds no evidence of that kind. Source: Open Targets Platform, fetched live.

Tractability

Small molecule
Approved Drug, Structure with Ligand, High-Quality Ligand, Druggable Family
Antibody
UniProt loc high conf, GO CC high conf, UniProt SigP or TMHMM
PROTAC
Small Molecule Binder

gnomAD loss of function constraint: o/e 1.0618000030517578 (upper bound 1.3265999555587769). Low values mean loss of function is poorly tolerated, a safety flag for inhibition.

Who runs trials of these drugs

Principal investigators and study chairs on 15 registry trials, updated in the last three years, of the most advanced drugs against SLC22A12 (dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, SHR-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad), ranked by Phase 2+ trials. Live from ClinicalTrials.gov.

6 of 14 trials of drugs against SLC22A12 have sites only in China

Registry trials of dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, SHR-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad updated in the last three years, counted by the country group of their listed sites. A trial with sites in several groups counts in each; 12 of 14 have all sites in one country.

Sites only in this groupSites here and elsewhere
United StatesUnited States: 5 trials with sites only hereUnited States: 2 trials with sites here and elsewhere7ChinaChina: 6 trials with sites only hereChina: 0 trials with sites here and elsewhere6EuropeEurope: 0 trials with sites only hereEurope: 1 trials with sites here and elsewhere1JapanJapan: 1 trials with sites only hereJapan: 0 trials with sites here and elsewhere1OtherOther: 0 trials with sites only hereOther: 1 trials with sites here and elsewhere1

Site counts are not patients per country, and trials registered only outside ClinicalTrials.gov are not covered. Where sites are is a fact about the record, not a judgement of its quality. Europe is the EU and EEA, the UK and Switzerland. 1 trials list no sites and are left out. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov, fetched live.

1 trials of drugs against SLC22A12 were stopped early

Terminated, withdrawn and suspended interventional trials of dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, SHR-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad, newest update first, live from ClinicalTrials.gov. Each reason is quoted exactly as the registry gives it; we do not sort reasons into safety, efficacy or business. Dates are the last registry update. Showing the 1 most recent of 1.

  • terminated · 2026-09-18 · Gilead Sciences · matched by the registry's drug synonyms
    “MBX-102 did not meet the target efficacy profile of HbA1c change.”
Paediatric incentives and obligations for SLC22A12's drugs

For dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, SHR-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad: what EMA and FDA publish about paediatric plans, orphan status and pediatric approvals, and how many registered studies take children. Each line is a yes, no or not published fact from the record linked under it; none of it is a forecast.

  • EU paediatric investigation plan: yes · EMEA-002754-PIP01-19 (allopurinol;verinurad, Treatment of chronic kidney disease): P: decision agreeing on a investigation plan, with or without partial waiver(s) and or deferral(s), 29 Jan 2021
    Rule: An EMA PIP decision (agreement, modification or waiver) lists the drug as its active substance, exact name. Source: EMA EMEA-002754-PIP01-19, 2026-11-11
  • EU orphan designation: no · No EU orphan designation names dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, shr-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad
    Rule: An EU orphan designation lists the drug as its active substance (exact name) or belongs to a medicine that does; withdrawn and expired designations are listed with their status. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
  • Authorised in the EU: no · EMA lists no centrally authorised medicine of dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, shr-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad
    Rule: An EMA medicine record lists the drug as its active substance or INN, exact name; national-only authorisations are not in this file. Source: EMA data download (dated snapshot), 2026-11-11
  • FDA orphan designation: not published · FDA's orphan designation database turns away automated requests, so this app does not read it; search it by hand at the link
    Rule: Would be: an FDA orphan designation names the drug. Source: FDA orphan designations search
  • FDA pediatric oncology approval: no · FDA's table lists no pediatric approval of dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, shr-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad
    Rule: FDA's Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals table names the drug. Source: FDA Pediatric Oncology Drug Approvals (content current as of 2026-03-03), 2026-11-12
  • Registered studies open to children: no · No interventional study of dotinurad, sulfinpyrazone, shr-4640, pratosartan, arhalofenate, verinurad includes patients under 18
    Rule: The registry's age group includes Child (birth to 17 years), which also counts studies that set no minimum age. Source: ClinicalTrials.gov search, 2026-11-12

Rare pediatric disease voucher. FDA, content current as of 29 Apr 2026: “As of February 3, 2026, enactment of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026, the rare pediatric disease PRV program will sunset after September 30, 2029. FDA may not award any PRVs under this program after September 30, 2029.” Voucher sale prices are not shown here; they appear only as company-reported news. FDA: Rare Pediatric Disease Designation and Priority Review Voucher Programs

All 8 drugs and clinical candidates as a table

Each drug, stage and indication links to its Open Targets record, where the trials and approvals behind it are listed. Salt forms (for example a mesylate) are listed as Open Targets records them, as separate entries.

DrugTypeHighest stageIndicationsSource records
DOTINURADSmall moleculeapprovalhyperuricemia, goutOpen Targets · ChEMBL
SULFINPYRAZONESmall moleculeapprovalgoutOpen Targets · ChEMBL
SHR-4640Small moleculephase 3gout, hyperuricemiaOpen Targets · ChEMBL
PRATOSARTANSmall moleculephase 3hypertensive disorderOpen Targets · ChEMBL
ARHALOFENATESmall moleculephase 2 3gout, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperuricemia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosisOpen Targets · ChEMBL
VERINURADSmall moleculephase 2hyperuricemia, gout, albuminuria, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney diseaseOpen Targets · ChEMBL
BENZBROMARONESmall moleculewithdrawalgout, hyperuricemia, pulmonary arterial hypertension, chronic kidney diseaseOpen Targets · ChEMBL
LESINURADSmall moleculewithdrawalhyperuricemia, goutOpen Targets · ChEMBL